Manuscript · Under review at IJRM

Cool Brands in Crisis.

A product failure creates negative information. A cool brand enters that moment with an existing identity signal. This project asks when that signal protects the relationship, and when it does not.

Brand coolnessProduct harm crisisPower distance beliefConsumer trust
The idea, animatedCoolness as a buffer

The problem

Reputation is not a single reserve of goodwill.

Brands enter crises with different symbolic meanings. Coolness may provide a reputational buffer, but consumers do not interpret status, distinctiveness, and transgression in the same way. This coauthored research examines the cultural belief that helps explain that variation.

The central idea

Brand meaning and cultural belief meet at the moment of failure.

Before the crisis

A brand signals coolness.

Consumers hold established beliefs about the brand's autonomy, status, and cultural relevance.

At the failure

The signal is tested.

Negative information forces consumers to decide whether prior meaning remains diagnostic.

Across consumers

Cultural belief sets the boundary.

Power distance belief helps explain why the same coolness signal may not protect every relationship equally.

Inside the method

From causal control to marketplace consequence.

The program combines four experiments with an automotive-recall study. The experiments isolate the proposed process; the recall context examines whether the theory remains meaningful around an actual product-harm event.

Causal process

Four experiments

Controlled designs test how brand coolness and power distance belief shape consumer response under product failure.

Market evidence

Automotive-recall study

A consequential market setting extends the question beyond hypothetical brand scenarios.

Muhammad presenting brand coolness research
Presenting the brand coolness and power distance belief research program.

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